Sex differences in the cancer proteome

Objectives Proteins play a central role in cancer biology. They are the most common drug targets and biomarkers. Sex influences the proteome in many diseases ranging from neurological to cardiovascular. In cancer, sex is associated with incidence, progression and therapeutic response, as well as characteristics of the tumour genome and transcriptome. This study aimed to characterise the extent to which sex differences impact the cancer proteome. Design Retrospective analysis of publicly available proteogenomic datasets. Setting Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium cancer cohorts. Participants A total of 1590 proteomes from eight cancer types. Interventions Not applicable. Main outcome measures Sex-differential protein abundance and its association with copy number aberrations, biological pathways and gene dependency.